https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5838383/
Sunless tanning products containing DHA produce, within a few hours, a relatively long‐lasting tan (from 3 to 10 days, depending on the formulation), without the risks of photodamage. As mentioned above, this reaction is limited to the stratum corneum (the outer layer of human skin comprised of dead cells), and in vitro skin absorption studies have found no significant systemic absorption of DHA when applied topically to the skin.16 On the other hand, the Maillard reaction between DHA and amino acids generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), namely highly reactive free radicals,17 that may attack the cell structures and degrade collagen and elastin fibers, promoting premature skin aging and wrinkle formation. The process is accelerated under sun radiation, with more than 180 % additional radicals generated during sun exposure with respect to untreated skin, thus requiring short or no sun exposure when self‐tanners are used.18 It is also relevant here to notice how, when applied on the skin, a typical DHA‐based cream attenuates the sunlight‐induced formation of vitamin D.
Sunless tanning products containing DHA produce, within a few hours, a relatively long‐lasting tan (from 3 to 10 days, depending on the formulation), without the risks of photodamage. As mentioned above, this reaction is limited to the stratum corneum (the outer layer of human skin comprised of dead cells), and in vitro skin absorption studies have found no significant systemic absorption of DHA when applied topically to the skin.16 On the other hand, the Maillard reaction between DHA and amino acids generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), namely highly reactive free radicals,17 that may attack the cell structures and degrade collagen and elastin fibers, promoting premature skin aging and wrinkle formation. The process is accelerated under sun radiation, with more than 180 % additional radicals generated during sun exposure with respect to untreated skin, thus requiring short or no sun exposure when self‐tanners are used.18 It is also relevant here to notice how, when applied on the skin, a typical DHA‐based cream attenuates the sunlight‐induced formation of vitamin D.
Dihydroxyacetone Specification Sheet
Description: FDA-approved self-tanning agent obtained by bacterial degradation of natural phosphate sugar. Off-white, fine crystalline powder, characteristic odor, pH 4-6, soluble in water & alcohol.
Synonyms: dihyxal, otan, oxantin. CAS: 96-26-4 INCI Name: 1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone
Benefits: Reacts with proteins in the skin thereby forming melanoidin-like brown compounds within 2 hours producing a suntanned appearance
Note: tan does not protect against UV-rays like the melanin-tan produced by sunbathing!
Can be combined with erythrulose Use: Can be added to formulations as is, usual final concentration 2-12%, lower concentration for lighter tan or face, higher concentration for darker shade and body.
DHA may lose its tanning effect (or induce discolouration) when combined with alpha-hydroxy acids, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide pigments, or certain perfumes. Avoid using amino acids, proteins, peptides, EDTA. Final product should be in the pH range between 3.5 and 5, this will prevent it from early degradation. Usually combined with erythrulose for a deeper, natural looking tan. For external use only. Storage: Store refrigerated (4-8°C / 39-46°F)
Applications: All kinds of self-tanning cosmetic products including creams and lotions, cream foundations.
Country of Origin: USA Raw material source: Glycerin derived from sugar cane or sugar beets
Manufacture: DHA is produced by bacterial-driven enzymatic degradation of natural glycerin obtained from phosphate sugar.
Animal Testing: Not animal tested GMO: Not tested for GMOs
Vegan: Does not contain animal-derived components
Description: FDA-approved self-tanning agent obtained by bacterial degradation of natural phosphate sugar. Off-white, fine crystalline powder, characteristic odor, pH 4-6, soluble in water & alcohol.
Synonyms: dihyxal, otan, oxantin. CAS: 96-26-4 INCI Name: 1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone
Benefits: Reacts with proteins in the skin thereby forming melanoidin-like brown compounds within 2 hours producing a suntanned appearance
Note: tan does not protect against UV-rays like the melanin-tan produced by sunbathing!
Can be combined with erythrulose Use: Can be added to formulations as is, usual final concentration 2-12%, lower concentration for lighter tan or face, higher concentration for darker shade and body.
DHA may lose its tanning effect (or induce discolouration) when combined with alpha-hydroxy acids, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide pigments, or certain perfumes. Avoid using amino acids, proteins, peptides, EDTA. Final product should be in the pH range between 3.5 and 5, this will prevent it from early degradation. Usually combined with erythrulose for a deeper, natural looking tan. For external use only. Storage: Store refrigerated (4-8°C / 39-46°F)
Applications: All kinds of self-tanning cosmetic products including creams and lotions, cream foundations.
Country of Origin: USA Raw material source: Glycerin derived from sugar cane or sugar beets
Manufacture: DHA is produced by bacterial-driven enzymatic degradation of natural glycerin obtained from phosphate sugar.
Animal Testing: Not animal tested GMO: Not tested for GMOs
Vegan: Does not contain animal-derived components